Managing Anxiety for People with Autism
Living with autism presents unique challenges, and anxiety is one of the most prevalent difficulties people with autism experience. While anxiety is a common human experience, it tends to be more prevalent in people with autism. This can be attributed to various factors, including sensory sensitivities, difficulties with social interactions, and a need for predictability and routine. Recognizing the signs of anxiety and its effects is crucial for both caregivers and individuals with autism. Having knowledge regarding this subject enables them to develop strategies for anxiety management tailored for each individual’s needs.
Understanding Autism and Anxiety
In order to understand how anxiety affects people with autism, we must first identify and know the definition of autism and anxiety.
Autism
Autism, also known as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is a developmental disorder that affects how a person perceives and interacts with the world around them. It is characterized by challenges in social communication and interaction, as well as restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. Autism is a spectrum disorder, meaning it varies in severity and can manifest differently in each individual. People with autism may have unique strengths and abilities, along with areas where they may require additional support.
Anxiety
Anxiety can be defined as a feeling of unease, worry, or fear that is often accompanied by physical sensations such as increased heart rate, rapid breathing, and restlessness. It is a natural response to stress or perceived threats and can range from mild to severe. Anxiety can manifest as excessive worrying, difficulty concentrating, irritability, and avoidance of certain situations.
Relationship Between Anxiety and Autism
Anxiety and autism are closely intertwined, and individuals on the autism spectrum often experience higher levels of anxiety compared to the general population. A recent National Autistic Society survey found 47% of autistic people fall into the severe anxiety category based on GAD diagnostic criteria.
There are several factors that contribute to Anxiety being prevalent in people with Autism:
Sensory Sensitivities
Many individuals with autism have higher sensitivities, meaning that they may be more sensitive to sounds, lights, textures, and other sensory stimuli. When someone has trouble dealing with the sounds, sights, and other things they experience every day, they can become overwhelmed with too much information. This can make them feel stressed, anxious, and even physically uncomfortable. As a result, they might want to be alone, act out in a distressed way, or have meltdowns.
Social Challenges
Social interactions can be challenging for individuals with autism due to difficulties in understanding social cues, interpreting non-verbal communication, and maintaining conversations. Communication difficulties, such as trouble expressing oneself or understanding others, can contribute to anxiety. The struggle to navigate social situations can lead to feelings of fear of judgment, and social isolation.
Treatments to Manage Anxiety for People With Autism
If you are an autistic person who is experiencing anxiety, there are several types of treatments that you can try to manage it.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a widely used therapeutic approach that focuses on identifying negative thoughts and behaviors and helping the individual see them more clearly. It helps individuals develop coping strategies and problem-solving skills to manage anxiety.
Interoception Therapy
Interoception therapy focuses on enhancing the awareness and understanding of internal bodily sensations. It helps individuals with autism recognize and interpret their own emotions, physical states, and sensory experiences.
Expressive Art Therapy
Expressive art therapy involves using various art forms, such as drawing, painting, or music, as a means of self-expression and emotional exploration. It can provide a way for individuals with autism to express their feelings and reduce anxiety.
Medications
Medications are sometimes prescribed to manage anxiety in individuals with autism, particularly when symptoms are severe and significantly impact daily functioning. Medication should be considered as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that may also include therapy and other interventions.
Tips and Strategies to Manage Anxiety in Autistic People
Managing anxiety in individuals with autism requires a personalized approach based on their specific needs and preferences. Here are some general tips and strategies that can be helpful:
Know and understand your triggers
Pay close attention to situations, environments, or experiences that consistently lead to increased anxiety or distress. Keep a journal or record behavioral patterns to identify common triggers.
Develop Coping Mechanisms
Use relaxation techniques such as deep breathing exercises, progressive muscle relaxation, or mindfulness practices.
Encourage the use of sensory tools like stress balls, fidget toys, or weighted blankets to promote self-regulation and reduce anxiety.
Provide Safe Spaces and Breaks
Designate quiet, calm spaces where individuals can retreat when feeling overwhelmed or anxious.
Offer regular breaks and opportunities for sensory regulation, such as taking short walks or engaging in preferred activities.
Utilize Visual Supports
Use visual supports like social stories or visual schedules to help individuals understand and prepare for new or challenging situations.
Provide visual cues or prompts to aid in communication and reduce anxiety in social interactions
Dealing with anxiety is not easy for anyone, it takes a lot of practice and patience to oneself to know how to manage and deal with it. Knowing your triggers is one of the most important things that you should do in order to manage them. If you are a caregiver of someone who is suffering from anxiety, you should also know their triggers in order to help avoid it. As caregivers, we should always create a safe space for our clients and make them feel comfortable at all times.
If you are someone who is going through anxiety, we are here to tell you that you are not alone and that there are many people who care and support you. It is okay not to be okay, and we are here to help.
If you are currently dealing with anxiety and do not know whom to talk to, you can click here and you’ll be able to talk to therapists without leaving your house!
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